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2 Kings Chapter
Eighteen
New King James Version (NKJV)
INTRODUCTION TO 2 KINGS 18
This
chapter begins with the good reign of Hezekiah king of Judah, the reformation
he made in the kingdom, and the prosperity that attended him when Israel was
carried captive, 2 Kings 18:1 and
gives an account of the siege of Jerusalem by the king of Assyria, and of the
distress Hezekiah was in, and the hard measures he was obliged to submit unto, 2 Kings 18:13 and
of the reviling and blasphemous speech of Rabshakeh, one of the generals of the
king of Assyria, urging the Jews to a revolt from their king, 2 Kings 18:19.
2 Kings 18:1 Now
it came to pass in the third year of Hoshea the son of Elah, king of Israel, that
Hezekiah the son of Ahaz, king of Judah, began to reign.
YLT
1And it cometh to pass, in
the third year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel, reigned hath Hezekiah son
of Ahaz king of Judah;
Now it came to pass in the third year of Hoshea son of Elah king
of Israel,.... That is, in the third year of his rebelling against the king
of Assyria, when he shook off his yoke, and refused to be tributary to him any
longer, see 2 Kings 17:1,
that Hezekiah the
son of Ahaz king of Judah began to reign; having finished the
account of the kingdom of Israel, and the captivity of the people, the
historian returns to the kingdom of Judah, and the things of it.
2 Kings 18:2 2 He was twenty-five years
old when he became king, and he reigned twenty-nine years in Jerusalem. His
mother’s name was Abi[a] the
daughter of Zechariah.
YLT
2a son of twenty and five
years was he in his reigning, and twenty and nine years he hath reigned in
Jerusalem, and the name of his mother [is] Abi daughter of Zechariah.
Twenty and five years old was he when he began to reign,.... Now as
Ahaz his father began to reign at twenty, and reigned sixteen, he must die at
thirty six; so that this son of his must be born to him when at eleven years of
age, for only so many years there be between twenty five and thirty six, which
may seem wonderful; but, as Grotius observes, Hezekiah had now entered into the
twenty fifth year, and he might be just turned of twenty four, and so his
father might be twelve years of age at his birth: besides, as it is usual for
the divine historian to take away or add the incomplete years of kings, Ahaz
might be near twenty one when he began to reign, and might reign almost
seventeen, which makes the age of Ahaz to be about thirty eight; and Hezekiah
being but little more than twenty four, at his death there were thirteen or
near fourteen years difference in their age, and which was an age that need not
be thought incredible for begetting of children. BochartF6Ep.
Carbonell. tom. 1. oper. p. 920. and othersF7Vid. Hieronymi Opera,
tam. 3. Ep. Vital. fol. 25. C. have given many instances of children begotten
by persons under that age, even at ten years of ageF8T. Bab. Avodah
Zarah, fol. 44. 1. : four years after his birth, the famous city of Rome began
to be foundedF9Usser. Annal. p. 86, 87. , A. M. 3256, and before
Christ 748, as commonly received, though it is highly probable it was of a more
early date; according to Dionysius Halicarnassensis, it was founded in the
first year of the seventh Olympaid, in the times of Ahaz, A. M. 3118F11Vid.
Breithaupt. Not. in Hist. Gorion. Heb. l. 5. c. 1. :
and he reigned twenty and nine years in Jerusalem; so that he
reigned twenty three years or more after the captivity of the ten tribes:
his mother's name also was Abi the daughter of Zachariah; perhaps the
daughter of the same that was taken by Isaiah for a witness, Isaiah 8:3 who very
probably was a very good woman, and took care to give her son a religious
education, though he had so wicked a father.
2 Kings 18:3 3 And he did what was
right in the sight of the Lord, according to all that
his father David had done.
YLT
3And he doth that which [is]
right in the eyes of Jehovah, according to all that David his father did,
And he did that which was right in the sight of the Lord, according
to all that David his father did. Some of the kings of
Judah, that were better than some others, are said to do that which was right,
but not like David; or they did as he did, but not according to all that he
did, as is here said of Hezekiah.
2 Kings 18:4 4 He removed the high places
and broke the sacred pillars, cut down the wooden image[b] and broke
in pieces the bronze serpent that Moses had made; for until those days the
children of Israel burned incense to it, and called it Nehushtan.[c]
YLT
4he hath turned aside the
high places, and broken in pieces the standing-pillars, and cut down the
shrine, and beaten down the brazen serpent that Moses made, for unto these days
were the sons of Israel making perfume to it, and he calleth it `a piece of
brass.'
He removed the high places,.... Which the best of
the kings of Judah never attempted, and which is observed of them to their
discredit:
and broke the images, and cut down the groves; the idols his
father set up and served, 2 Kings 16:4,
groves and idols in them, were early instances of idolatry; See Gill on Judges 3:7, and
their use for temples are still continued, not only among some Indian nationsF12See
Dampier's Voyage, vol. 1. p. 411. , but among some Christians in the northern
parts of EuropeF13Vid. Fabritii Bibliograph. Antiqu. c. 9. sect. 11.
:
and brake in pieces the brazen serpent that Moses had made; which he made
in the wilderness, and which was brought by the children of Israel with them
into the land of Canaan, and was kept as a memorial of the miracle wrought by
looking to it, being laid up in some proper place where it had been preserved
to this day:
for unto those days the children of Israel did burn incense to it not from the
time it was brought into Canaan, nor even in later times, in the days of Asa
and Jehoshaphat, who would never have suffered it; very probably this piece of
idolatry began in the times of Ahaz, who encouraged everything of that kind:
for this serpent they had a great veneration, being made by Moses, and a means
in his time of healing the Israelites; and they imagined it might be of some
service to them, in a way of mediation to God; and worthy of worship, having
some degree of divinity, as Kimchi and Ben Gersom; but LaniadoF14Cli
Yaker, fol. 538. 2. excuses them from all show of idolatry, and supposes what
they did was for the honour of God only; hence sprung the heresy of the
Ophites, according to Theodoret:
and he called it Nehushtan; perceiving they were
ensnared by it, and drawn into idolatry to it, by way of contempt he called it
by this name, which signifies "brass"; suggesting that it was only a
mere piece of brass, had no divinity in it, and could be of no service to them
in divine things; and, that it might no longer be a snare to them, he broke it
into pieces; and, as the JewsF15T. Bab. Avodah Zarah, fol. 44. 1.
say, ground it to powder, and scattered it to every wind, that there might be
no remains of it.
2 Kings 18:5 5 He trusted in the Lord God of Israel,
so that after him was none like him among all the kings of Judah, nor who were
before him.
YLT
5In Jehovah, God of Israel,
he hath trusted, and after him there hath not been like him among all the kings
of Judah, nor [among any] who were before him;
He trusted in the Lord God of Israel,.... To be his
protector and defender, and had no dependence on idols as an arm of flesh; the
Targum is, he trusted in the Word of the Lord God; not in Nehushtan, but in him
the brasen serpent was a type of, even in the Word and Son of God, his alone
Saviour and Redeemer:
so that after him was none like him among all the kings of Judah: for though
Josiah was like him in some things, yet not in all:
nor any that were before him; from the times of the
division of the kingdoms of Israel and Judah; and Ben Gersom and Abarbinel
think that David and Solomon are not to be excepted; David sinning in the case
of Uriah, and Solomon falling into idolatry, crimes that Hezekiah was not
guilty of.
2 Kings 18:6 6 For he held fast to the Lord; he did not
depart from following Him, but kept His commandments, which the Lord had commanded
Moses.
YLT
6and he cleaveth to Jehovah,
he hath not turned aside from after Him, and keepeth His commands that Jehovah
commanded Moses.
For he clave to the Lord,.... To his worship and
service; to the fear of the Lord, as the Targum:
and departed not from following him; from his worship, as the
same paraphrase:
but kept his commandments, which the Lord commanded Moses; both moral,
ceremonial, and judicial.
2 Kings 18:7 7 The Lord was with him;
he prospered wherever he went. And he rebelled against the king of Assyria and
did not serve him.
YLT
7And Jehovah hath been with
him, in every place where he goeth out he acteth wisely, and he rebelleth
against the king of Asshur, and hath not served him;
And the Lord was with him,.... The Word of the Lord
was for his help, as the Targum:
and he prospered whithersoever he went forth; that is, to
war:
and he rebelled against the king of Assyria: which is
explained in the next clause:
and served him not; he refused to be his servant, as his father
Ahaz had been, 2 Kings 16:7, to
which he was not obliged by any agreement of his; and, if it was in his power,
might lawfully shake off his yoke, which is all that is meant by rebelling
against him; he refused to be tributary to him.
2 Kings 18:8 8 He subdued the
Philistines, as far as Gaza and its territory, from watchtower to fortified
city.
YLT
8he hath smitten the
Philistines unto Gaza, and its borders, from a tower of watchers unto the
fenced city.
He smote the Philistines even unto Gaza, and the borders thereof,.... Who in
his father's time had invaded Judah, and taken many cities and towns in it,
which Hezekiah now recovered, and drove them to their own territories, of which
Gaza was one; see 2 Chronicles 28:18.
from the tower of the watchmen to the fenced city; that is,
places both great and small, cities, towns, and villages; of this phrase, see 2 Kings 17:9.
2 Kings 18:9 9 Now it came to pass in the
fourth year of King Hezekiah, which was the seventh year of Hoshea the
son of Elah, king of Israel, that Shalmaneser king of Assyria came up
against Samaria and besieged it.
YLT
9And it cometh to pass, in
the fourth year of king Hezekiah -- it [is] the seventh year of Hoshea son of
Elah king of Israel -- come up hath Shalmaneser king of Asshur against Samaria,
and layeth siege to it,
And it came to pass in the fourth year of King Hezekiah,.... In the
beginning of it:
which was the seventh year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel: the beginning
of his seventh:
that Shalmaneser king of Assyria came up against Samaria, and
besieged it; see 2 Kings 17:5.
2 Kings 18:10 10 And at the end of three
years they took it. In the sixth year of Hezekiah, that is, the ninth
year of Hoshea king of Israel, Samaria was taken.
YLT
10and they capture it at the
end of three years; in the sixth year of Hezekiah -- it [is] the ninth year of
Hoshea king of Israel -- hath Samaria been captureth,
And at the end of three years they took it,.... That is,
at the first end of them, at the beginning, in which sense the phrase is taken
in Deuteronomy 15:1,
even in the sixth year of Hezekiah, that is, the ninth year of Hoshea king of
Israel, Samaria was taken: see 2 Kings 17:6.
2 Kings 18:11 11 Then the king of Assyria
carried Israel away captive to Assyria, and put them in Halah and by the Habor,
the River of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes,
YLT
11and the king of Asshur
removeth Israel to Asshur, and placed them in Halah, and in Habor [by] the river
Gozan, and [in] cities of the Medes,
And the king of Assyria did carry away Israel unto Assyria,.... Of the
places he disposed of them in, after mentioned; see Gill on 2 Kings 17:6.
2 Kings 18:12 12 because they did not obey
the voice of the Lord
their God, but transgressed His covenant and all that Moses the servant
of the Lord
had commanded; and they would neither hear nor do them.
YLT
12because that they have not
hearkened to the voice of Jehovah their God, and transgress His covenant -- all
that He commanded Moses, servant of Jehovah -- yea, they have not hearkened nor
done [it].
Because they obeyed not the voice of the Lord,.... In his
law, and by his prophets:
but transgressed his covenant, and all that Moses the servant of
the Lord commanded; which evils are at large insisted on in the preceding chapter as
the cause of their captivity:
and would not hear them, nor do them; contrary to
the agreement of their fathers at Sinai, who promised to do both, Exodus 24:3.
2 Kings 18:13 13 And in the fourteenth year
of King Hezekiah, Sennacherib king of Assyria came up against all the fortified
cities of Judah and took them.
YLT
13And in the fourteenth year
of king Hezekiah hath Sennacherib king of Asshur come up against all the fenced
cities of Judah, and seizeth them,
Now in the fourteenth year of King Hezekiah,.... Eight
years after the captivity of Israel:
did Sennacherib king of Assyria come up against all the fenced
cities of Judah, and took them; many of them, the frontier towns, and
proceeded as far as Lachish; ambitious of enlarging his dominions, his father
having subdued the kingdom of Israel, and being also provoked by Hezekiah's
refusing to pay him tribute. Mention is made of this king by name, by Herodotus
and other Heathen writers, see the note on Isaiah 36:1 in the
Apocryha:"Now when Enemessar was dead, Sennacherib his son reigned in his
stead; whose estate was troubled, that I could not go into Media.' (Tobit 1:15)he is called
Sennacherib, and is said to be son of Enemassat, that is, Shalmaneser; however,
he succeeded him in his kingdom; though someF15Lud. Vives in Aug. de
Civ. Dei, l. 18. c. 24. take him to be the same with Shalmaneser: he is said by
MetasthenesF16De Judicio Temp. fol. 221. 2. to reign seven years,
and was succeeded by Assaradon, who, according to him, reigned ten years.
2 Kings 18:14 14 Then Hezekiah king of
Judah sent to the king of Assyria at Lachish, saying, “I have done wrong; turn
away from me; whatever you impose on me I will pay.” And the king of Assyria
assessed Hezekiah king of Judah three hundred talents of silver and thirty
talents of gold.
YLT
14and Hezekiah king of Judah
sendeth unto the king of Asshur to Lachish, saying, `I have sinned, turn back
from off me; that which thou puttest on me I bear;' and the king of Asshur
layeth on Hezekiah king of Judah three hundred talents of silver, and thirty
talents of gold,
And Hezekiah king of Judah sent to the king of Assyria to Lachish,.... A city in
the tribe of Judah, about twenty miles from Jerusalem, towards the southwestF17Bunting's
Travels, &c. p. 99. ; which the king of Assyria was now besieging, 2 Chronicles 32:9
at first Hezekiah made provision to defend himself, and encouraged his people
not to be afraid of the king of Assyria, 2 Chronicles 32:1,
but understanding he had taken his fortified cities, and made such progress
with his arms, he was disheartened, and sent an embassy to him to sue for
peace; judging it more advisable to buy it than to expose his capital to a
siege; in which he betrayed much weakness and distrust of the power and
providence of God:
saying, I have offended; not the Lord, but the
king of Assyria by rebelling against him, or refusing to pay the yearly tribute
to him; he owned he had acted imprudently, and had given him, just occasion to
invade his land:
return from me; from his land, from proceeding to
Jerusalem, which he seemed to have a design upon, and go back to his own
country with his army, and make no further conquests:
that which thou puttest on me I will bear; what mulct or
fine he should lay upon him, or tribute he should impose upon him, or whatever
he should demand of him, he would submit to:
and the king of Assyria appointed unto Hezekiah king of Judah
three hundred talents of silver, and thirty talents of gold; to be paid to
him directly; which, according to BrerewoodF18De Ponder. & Pret.
Vet. Num. c. 5. , amounted to 247,500 pounds.
2 Kings 18:15 15 So Hezekiah gave him
all the silver that was found in the house of the Lord and in the
treasuries of the king’s house.
YLT
15and Hezekiah giveth all the
silver that is found in the house of Jehovah, and in the treasures of the house
of the king;
And Hezekiah gave him all the silver that was found in the house
of the Lord, and in the treasures of the king's house. To make up the
three hundred talents of silver, for which purpose he exhausted both, which had
been done more than once before by the kings of Judah; these were their
resources in times of distress; see 2 Kings 12:18.
2 Kings 18:16 16 At that time Hezekiah
stripped the gold from the doors of the temple of the Lord, and from
the pillars which Hezekiah king of Judah had overlaid, and gave it to the king
of Assyria.
YLT
16at that time hath Hezekiah
cut off the doors of the temple of Jehovah, and the pillars that Hezekiah king
of Judah had overlaid, and giveth them to the king of Asshur.
At that time did Hezekiah cut off the gold from the doors of the
temple of the Lord,.... The plates of gold with which they were covered; or scraped
off the gold from them, as the Targum interprets it:
and from the pillars which Hezekiah king of Judah had overlaid: or the posts,
as the Targum, the lintel or side posts of the doors of the temple; which
though covered in Solomon's time, the gold was worn off, or had been taken off
by Ahaz, but was renewed by Hezekiah; and who, in this time of distress,
thought he might take it off again, no doubt with a full purpose to replace it,
when he should be able. This is one of the three things the Talmudic writersF19T.
Bab. Beracot, fol. 10. 2. disapprove of in Hezekiah:
and gave it to the king of Assyria; to make up the thirty
talents of gold he demanded.
2 Kings 18:17 17 Then the king of Assyria
sent the Tartan,[d] the
Rabsaris,[e] and the
Rabshakeh[f] from
Lachish, with a great army against Jerusalem, to King Hezekiah. And they went
up and came to Jerusalem. When they had come up, they went and stood by the
aqueduct from the upper pool, which was on the highway to the Fuller’s
Field.
YLT
17And the king of Asshur
sendeth Tartan, and the chief of the eunuchs, and the chief of the butlers,
from Lachish, unto king Hezekiah, with a heavy force, to Jerusalem, and they go
up and come in to Jerusalem, and they go up, and come in and stand by the conduit
of the upper pool that [is] in the highway of the fuller's field.
Verses 17-37
And the king of Assyria sent Tartan and Rabsaris, and Rabshakeh
from Lachish to King Hezekiah with a great host against Jerusalem,....
Notwithstanding he took the above large sum of money of him, so false and
deceitful was he: these were three generals of his army, whom he sent to
besiege Jerusalem, while he continued the siege of Lachish; only Rabshakeh is
mentioned in Isaiah 36:2 he
being perhaps chief general, and the principal speaker; whose speech, to the
end of this chapter, intended to intimidate Hezekiah, and dishearten his
people, with some circumstances which attended it, are recorded word for word
in Isaiah 36:1
throughout; See Gill on Isaiah 36:1 and
notes on that chapter.
2 Kings 18:18 18 And when they had called
to the king, Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, who was over the household,
Shebna the scribe, and Joah the son of Asaph, the recorder, came out to them.
YLT
18And they call unto the
king, and go out unto them doth Eliakim son of Hilkiah, who [is] over the
house, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah son of Asaph the remembrancer.
2 Kings 18:19 19 Then the Rabshakeh
said to them, “Say now to Hezekiah, ‘Thus says the great king, the king of
Assyria: “What confidence is this in which you trust?
YLT
19And the chief of the
butlers saith unto them, `Say, I pray you, unto Hezekiah, Thus said the great
king, the king of Asshur, What [is] this confidence in which thou hast
confided?
2 Kings 18:20 20 You speak of having
plans and power for war; but they are mere words. And in whom do you
trust, that you rebel against me?
YLT
20Thou hast said: Only a word
of the lips! counsel and might [are] for battle; now, on whom hast thou trusted
that thou hast rebelled against me?
2 Kings 18:21 21 Now look! You are trusting
in the staff of this broken reed, Egypt, on which if a man leans, it will go
into his hand and pierce it. So is Pharaoh king of Egypt to all who
trust in him.
YLT
21`Now, lo, thou hast trusted
for thee on the staff of this broken reed, on Egypt; which a man leaneth on,
and it hath gone into his hand, and pierced it! -- so [is] Pharaoh king of
Egypt to all those trusting on him.
2 Kings 18:22 22 But if you say to me, ‘We
trust in the Lord
our God,’ is it not He whose high places and whose altars Hezekiah has
taken away, and said to Judah and Jerusalem, ‘You shall worship before this
altar in Jerusalem’?”’
YLT
22`And when ye say unto me,
Unto Jehovah our God we have trusted, is it not He whose high places and whose
altars Hezekiah hath turned aside, and saith to Judah and to Jerusalem, Before
this altar do ye bow yourselves in Jerusalem?
2 Kings 18:23 23 Now therefore, I urge you,
give a pledge to my master the king of Assyria, and I will give you two
thousand horses—if you are able on your part to put riders on them!
YLT
23`And, now, give a pledge
for thee, I pray thee, to my lord the king of Asshur, and I give to thee two
thousand horses, if thou art able to give for thee riders on them.
2 Kings 18:24 24 How then will you repel
one captain of the least of my master’s servants, and put your trust in Egypt
for chariots and horsemen?
YLT
24And how dost thou turn back
the face of one captain of the least of the servants of my lord, that thou dost
trust for thee on Egypt for chariot, and for horsemen?
2 Kings 18:25 25 Have I now come up without
the Lord
against this place to destroy it? The Lord said to me, ‘Go up
against this land, and destroy it.’”
YLT
25Now, without Jehovah have I
come up against this place to destroy it? Jehovah said unto me, Go up against
this land, and thou hast destroyed it.'
2 Kings 18:26 26 Then Eliakim the son of
Hilkiah, Shebna, and Joah said to the Rabshakeh, “Please speak to your
servants in Aramaic, for we understand it; and do not speak to us in
Hebrew[g] in the
hearing of the people who are on the wall.”
YLT
26And Eliakim son of Hilkiah
saith -- and Shebna, and Joah -- to the chief of the butlers, `Speak, we pray
thee, unto thy servants [in] Aramaean, for we are understanding, and do not
speak with us [in] Jewish, in the ears of the people who [are] on the wall.'
2 Kings 18:27 27 But the Rabshakeh
said to them, “Has my master sent me to your master and to you to speak these
words, and not to the men who sit on the wall, who will eat and drink their own
waste with you?”
YLT
27And the chief of the
butlers saith unto them, `For thy lord, and unto thee, hath my lord sent me to
speak these words? is it not for the men, those sitting on the wall to eat
their own dung and to drink their own water, with you?'
2 Kings 18:28 28 Then the Rabshakeh
stood and called out with a loud voice in Hebrew, and spoke, saying, “Hear the
word of the great king, the king of Assyria!
YLT
28And the chief of the
butlers standeth and calleth with a great voice [in] Jewish, and speaketh and
saith, `Hear ye a word of the great king, the king of Asshur:
2 Kings 18:29 29 Thus says the king: ‘Do
not let Hezekiah deceive you, for he shall not be able to deliver you from his
hand;
YLT
29thus said the king, Let not
Hezekiah lift you up, for he is not able to deliver you out of his hand;
2 Kings 18:30 30 nor let Hezekiah make you
trust in the Lord,
saying, “The Lord
will surely deliver us; this city shall not be given into the hand of the king
of Assyria.”’
YLT
30and let not Hezekiah make
you trust unto Jehovah, saying, Jehovah doth certainly deliver us, and this
city is not given into the hand of the king of Asshur.
2 Kings 18:31 31 Do not listen to Hezekiah;
for thus says the king of Assyria: ‘Make peace with me by a present and
come out to me; and every one of you eat from his own vine and every one from
his own fig tree, and every one of you drink the waters of his own cistern;
YLT
31`Do not hearken unto
Hezekiah, for thus said the king of Asshur, Make with me a blessing, and come
out unto me, and eat ye each of his vine, and each of his fig-tree, and drink
ye each the waters of his own well,
2 Kings 18:32 32 until I come and take you
away to a land like your own land, a land of grain and new wine, a land of
bread and vineyards, a land of olive groves and honey, that you may live and
not die. But do not listen to Hezekiah, lest he persuade you, saying, “The Lord will deliver
us.”
YLT
32till my coming in, and I
have taken you unto a land like your own land, a land of corn and new wine, a
land of bread and vineyards, a land of oil olive, and honey, and live, and die
not; and do not hearken unto Hezekiah, when he persuadeth you, saying, Jehovah
doth deliver us.
2 Kings 18:33 33 Has any of the gods of the
nations at all delivered its land from the hand of the king of Assyria?
YLT
33`Have the gods of the
nations delivered at all each his land out of the hand of the king of Asshur?
2 Kings 18:34 34 Where are the gods
of Hamath and Arpad? Where are the gods of Sepharvaim and Hena and Ivah?
Indeed, have they delivered Samaria from my hand?
YLT
34Where [are] the gods of
Hamath and Arpad? where the gods of Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivvah, that they have
delivered Samaria out of my hand?
2 Kings 18:35 35 Who among all the gods of
the lands have delivered their countries from my hand, that the Lord should deliver
Jerusalem from my hand?’”
YLT
35Who [are they] among all
the gods of the lands that have delivered their land out of my hand, that
Jehovah doth deliver Jerusalem out of my hand?'
2 Kings 18:36 36 But the people held their
peace and answered him not a word; for the king’s commandment was, “Do not
answer him.”
YLT
36And the people have kept
silent, and have not answered him a word, for the command of the king is,
saying, `Do not answer him.'
2 Kings 18:37 37 Then Eliakim the son of
Hilkiah, who was over the household, Shebna the scribe, and Joah the son
of Asaph, the recorder, came to Hezekiah with their clothes torn, and
told him the words of the Rabshakeh.
YLT
37And Eliakim son of Hilkiah,
who [is] over the house, cometh in, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah son of
Asaph the remembrancer, unto Hezekiah, with rent garments, and they declare to
him the words of the chief of the butlers.
──《John Gill’s
Exposition of the Bible》
New King James
Version (NKJV)